基于模糊故障树的数控龙门铣床加工误差分析与试验

针对数控龙门铣床加工中出现的平面度误差问题进行研究与改进,分析工艺系统因素产生的误差,建立加工平面误差的模糊故障树,通过下行法对其进行简化分析,定性分析影响加工平面度误差的最小割集,运用模糊隶属函数定量分析顶事件的发生概率及底事件的发生概率重要度,确定主要因素为工作台形位误差、定位元件误差、热变形等。使用激光测量技术对安装的工作台平面进行矩形布点测量,根据采集数据建立基于最小二乘法的数学模型,运用Matlab软件定性分析平面度的评定,并对超差区域进行改进,最终实现了机床装配与使用要求。     

Study on stress and deformation of keyhole gas tungsten arc-welded joints

Keyhole gas tungsten arc welding(K-TIG)of Q345 low alloy steel plates was simulated by using SYSWELD software.The temperature field of the K-TIG welding process was simulated with three different combined heat sources and was compared with the weld profile that was obtained experimentally.The temperature field that was obtained by a combination of a double ellipsoid heat source on the upper half and a three-dimensional Gauss heat source on the lower half was similar to the real situation.The effects of plate thickness,gap and welding speed on the deformation and stress of the K-TIG welded joints were investigated by K-TIG welding numerical simulation.A reduction in the thickness of the weld plates reduced the z-direction deformation and transverse residual stress;an appropriate gap reduced the residual stress and an increase in the welding speed reduced deformation after welding,but did not help to control the residual stress after welding.     

Study of a new type of self‐centering beam‐column joint in steel frame structures

A new type of self‐centering beam‐column joint with installed steel arc plates is proposed in this study. First, mechanical behavior of the self‐centering joint using prestressed steel strands to provide the centering force is theoretically analyzed in detail, followed by experimental validation. New joints with different arc plate parameters are designed and tested under cyclic loading. Test results show that the hysteretic curve of the new joint exhibits typical characteristic of self‐centering capacity. By parametric analysis of five design parameters of the arc plate, it is found that vector height has the greatest influence on the joint's moment‐rotation skeleton curve, which is consistent with experimental findings. A simplified model of the joint is built in OpenSees to simulate its hysteretic behavior, which agrees well with the tested results. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new joint to improve the seismic performance of the overall structure, a series of nonlinear time history analysis on a steel frame structure with the new joint under earthquakes are conducted, which show that the joint is particularly effective in reducing the residual interstory drift response.     

工作面注浆加固技术在快速过断层中的应用

为解决工作面回采过断层期间顶板破碎易片帮冒顶等问题，对11100工作面地质条件进行分析，对注浆加固机理进行研究，提出工作面注浆加固快速过断层技术。该技术采用调斜旋转回采和割顶留底回采方案，合理选取注浆材料，设计注浆参数，并对注浆效果进行检验。实践证明，通过断层区域的注浆加固，改善了煤岩体物理力学性质，提高了顶板稳定性和煤岩承载能力，结合对回采方案的优化，保证了工作面快速安全通过断层。     

基于SSD和MPE的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

为了解决滚动轴承故障特征难以提取的问题,提出了一种奇异谱分解(SSD)和多尺度排列熵(MPE)的故障特征提取方法,结合K近邻(KNN)算法识别滚动轴承故障类型。首先对滚动轴承振动信号用SSD进行分解,得到3个奇异谱分量(SSC),根据峭度最大原则选择主分析分量;然后用MPE计算主分析分量的熵值,实现滚动轴承的故障特征进行提取;最后将熵值作为特征向量输入KNN分类器中,完成滚动轴承的状态识别。将该方法应用于实验数据分析,并与VMD和MPE相结合的故障诊断方法做比较,结果证明,该方法能够有效地提取故障特征,实现故障诊断。     

基于双谱特征的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法

为了研究行星齿轮箱齿面磨损全生命周期实验的退化过程,使用了可以抑制高斯噪声和对信号中产生的频率耦合进行解耦的双谱方法去进行故障特征提取,提出了两个基于双谱的特征指标,双谱熵以及非高斯强度,并通过特征指标评价方法去检验其指标性能。结果表明基于双谱熵具有良好的指标性能,而且对于行星齿轮箱齿面磨损的早期微弱故障十分敏感,适用于行星齿轮箱齿面磨损的故障诊断。     

Droplet-targeting laser hybrid indirect arc for additive manufacturing technology-A preliminary study

The contradiction between manufacturing accuracy and manufacturing efficiency is discussed in this paper.In order to solve this problem,a novel droplet-targeting laser hybrid indirect arc for additive manufacturing technology is proposed in which a couple of wires are melted using the alternating current with interwire indirect arc to achieve high deposition rate.On the other hand,droplets actively target the laser beam and detach from wire tip under the recoil pressure subjected to pulsed laser irradiating at desired position and with controlled mass for a precise bead forming.The process of alternative droplet growing at desired position are mathematically analyzed and then preliminary verified by experiment.By precisely controlling the wire feed speed and current frequency,the melting process at desired position and mass of wire is successfully obtained which is the fundamental for next-step for the droplet actively targeting laser.     

基于故障树的采煤机液压盘式制动器故障研究

通过逻辑分析构建了采煤机液压盘式制动器故障与基本事件的故障树模型;采用二元决策图分析故障树模型,得到了导致制动器故障发生的最小割集,并通过状态枚举法计算了基本事件的结构重要度。结果表明,所列举的任一基本事件的失效均会导致制动器故障。为采煤机液压盘式制动器的故障诊断提供了理论依据。     

A process fault diagnosis method using multi-time scale dynamic feature extraction based on convolutional neural network

Unlike many other techniques used in process control, which are widely applied in practice and play significant roles, abnormal situation management (ASM) still relies heavily on human experience, not least because the problem of fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) has not been well addressed. In this paper, a process fault diagnosis method using multi-time scale dynamic feature extraction based on convolutional neural network (CNN) consisting of similarity measurement, variable ranking, and multi-time scale dynamic feature extraction is proposed. The CNN-based model containing the fixed multiple sampling (FMS) layer can extract dynamic characteristics of process data at different time scales. The benchmark Tennessee Eastman (TE) process is used to verify the performance of the proposed method.     

Ni对铁基合金粉块氩弧堆焊层组织和性能的影响

通过氩弧焊在基体材料Q235钢板上熔敷铁合金混合粉末压块,研究了压块成分及堆焊工艺对堆焊层组织及性能的影响。结果表明:在固定压块粉末总质量为16 g、镍铁含量为0.64 g、堆焊电流为180 A时,堆焊层的硬度最大,达到HRC48.9;耐磨性最高,相对磨损量为0.013 4 g/(cm^2·min)。